BS DD ENV 1259-2-1997 单端燃烧器燃气的顶置辐射管式加热器和非家用燃气的光辐射式加热器.确定合理使用能量的要求和试验方法.辐射测量法B
作者:标准资料网 时间:2024-05-05 03:29:43 浏览:9846
来源:标准资料网
【英文标准名称】:Singleburnergasfiredoverheadradianttubeheatersandnon-domesticgas-firedoverheadluminousradiantheaters-Requirementsandtestmethodsforestablishingtherationaluseofenergy-RadiometricmethodB
【原文标准名称】:单端燃烧器燃气的顶置辐射管式加热器和非家用燃气的光辐射式加热器.确定合理使用能量的要求和试验方法.辐射测量法B
【标准号】:BSDDENV1259-2-1997
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:1997-06-15
【实施或试行日期】:1997-06-15
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:能量;燃气动力装置;测量;加热器;规范(验收);热学;散热器;燃烧器;试验;试验;光明辐射;燃气技术;辐射;定义;黑暗辐射器;辐射测量法;辐射热传递;燃气灯;热效率;燃气器具;煤气;气体加热器
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:J99
【国际标准分类号】:97_100_20
【页数】:16P;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:MedicaldiagnosticX-rayequipment-Radiationconditionsforuseinthedeterminationofcharacetristics
【原文标准名称】:医用诊断X射线设备.测定特性时使用的辐射条件
【标准号】:IEC61267-2005
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:2005-11
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际电工委员会(IX-IEC)
【起草单位】:IEC/SC62C
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:特性;定义;测定;诊断;诊断设备;电气工程;电医学;医疗设备;医疗放射照相术;医学科学;医疗技术学;照射疗法;辐射;辐射防护;辐射学;X射线仪;X射线设备;X射线装置;X射线
【英文主题词】:Characteristics;Definitions;Determination;Diagnosis;Diagnosticequipment;Electricalengineering;Electromedicine;Irradiationcondition;Medicalequipment;Medicalradiography;Medicalsciences;Medicaltechnology;Phototherapy;Radiation;Radiationprotection;Radiology;X-rayapparatus;X-rayequipment;X-rayplants;X-rays
【摘要】:ThisInternationalStandardappliestotestprocedureswhich,forthedeterminationofcharacteristicsofsystemsorcomponentsofmedicaldiagnosticX-RAYEQUIPMENT,requirewell-definedRADIATIONCONDITIONS.Exceptformammography,thisstandarddoesnotapplytoconditionswherediscontinuitiesinradiationabsorptionofelementsaredeliberatelyusedtomodifypropertiesoftheRADIATIONBEAM(forexamplebyrareearthfilters).ThemostcompletespecificationofRADIATIONFIELDSisgivenbythespectraldistributionofthephotonfluence.SincethemeasurementofX-RAYSPECTRAisademandingtask,thisstandardexpressesRADIATIONQUALITIESintermsoftheX-RAYTUBEVOLTAGE,thefirstandsecondHALFVALUELAYER.InthecaseofRADIATIONCONDITIONS,specificationsareperformedadditionallyintermsofPHANTOMpropertiesandgeometry.TheattempttocharacterizeaspectraldistributionjustbymeansoftheX-RAYTUBEVOLTAGE,thefirstandpossiblythesecondHALF-VALUELAYERisthusacompromisebetweenthemutuallyconflictingrequirementsofavoidingexcessiveeffortsforestablishingaRADIATIONQUALITYandofthecompleteabsenceofanyambiguityinthedefinitionofaRADIATIONQUALITY.DuetodifferencesinthedesignandtheageofX-RAYTUBESintermsofanodeangle,anoderougheningandINHERENTFILTRATION,twoRADIATIONQUALITIESproducedatagivenXRAYTUBEVOLTAGEhavingthesamefirstHALF-VALUELAYERcanstillhavequitedifferentspectraldistributions.GiventheinherentambiguityinthecharacterizationofRADIATIONQUALITY,itisessentialthatfurthertolerancesintroducedbyallowingcertainrangesofvalues,e.g.forX-RAYTUBEVOLTAGEandfirstHALF-VALUELAYER,mustbesufficientlysmallnottojeopardisetheunderlyingobjectiveofthisstandard.ThisstandardistoensurethatmeasurementsofthepropertiesofmedicaldiagnosticequipmentshouldproduceconsistentresultsifRADIATIONQUALITIESorRADIATIONCONDITIONSincompliancewiththisstandardareused.Toachievethisobjective,certaindegreesoffreedominthewayinwhichaRADIATIONCONDITIONcouldbeestablishedintheframeworkofthefirsteditionofthisstandardhavebeenremoved.TheessentialrestrictionintroducedinthissecondeditionisthattheX-RAYTUBEVOLTAGEismeasuredandsettoits'correct'value.ThesecondstepistoattempttoestablishtheprescribedfirstHALF-VALUELAYERbyaddingintothebeamthenecessaryamountofADDITIONALFILTRATION.IftheINHERENTFILTRATIONprovidedbytheX-RAYTUBEaloneissostrongthattheHALF-VALUELAYERoftheRADIATIONBEAMemergingfromtheX-RAYTUBEASSEMBLYassuchislargerthanthattobeestablished,theX-RAYTUBEASSEMBLYusedisnotsuitedforproducingthedesiredRADIATIONCONDITION.ThismayoccuriftheanodeangleoftheX-RAYTUBEASSEMBLYistoosmalland/orinthecaseofexcessiveanoderougheningduetotubeageing.IntheapproachoutlinedinthetwoprecedingparagraphstheX-RAYTUBEVOLTAGEplaysadecisiverole.Itisthereforeessentialthatthe‘correct’X-raytubevoltageischosenirrespectiveofthetypeofhighvoltagegeneratorconnectedtotheX-RAYTUBE.ThewayinwhichthisisrealizedinthisstandardisbymeasuringtheX-RAYTUBEVOLTAGEintermsofthePRACTICALPEAKVOLTAGE.ThisquantityisaweightedmeanofallvaluesoftheX-RAYTUBEVOLTAGEoccurringduringanexposure.TheweightingisdoneinsuchawaythatidenticalvaluesofthePRACTICALPEAKVOLTAGEgiveidenticalvaluesofthelowlevelcontrastonaradiographirrespectiveofthewaveformsuppliedbythegenerator.
【中国标准分类号】:C43
【国际标准分类号】:11_040_50
【页数】:94P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
Product Code:SAE J1703
Title:Motor Vehicle Brake Fluid
Issuing Committee:Brake Fluids Standards Committee
Scope: This SAE Standard covers motor vehicle brake fluids of the nonpetroleum type for use in the braking system of any motor vehicle such as a passenger car, truck, bus, or trailer. These fluids are not intended for use under arctic conditions. These fluids are designed for use in braking systems fitted with rubber cups and seals made from natural rubber (NR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), or a terpolymer of ethylene, propylene, and a diene (EPDM).
